Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Eye Opening
Spontaneous
Eyes open on their own without prompting.
4
To Sound
Eyes open when you speak or shout.
3
To Pressure
Eyes open only when a physical stimulus is applied (e.g., pinching the fingernail bed).
2
None
No eye opening.
1
Verbal Response
Orientated
Patient knows their name, location, and the date/month.
5
Confused
Patient can speak in sentences but is disoriented.
4
Words
Patient speaks only as single words, or inappropriately..
3
Sounds
Patient only moans or groans.
2
None
No vocal response.
1
Motor Response
Obeys Commands
Patient performs a simple two-step action (e.g., "show me two fingers").
6
Localizes to Pain
Patient reaches above their clavicle to push away a painful stimulus.
5
Withdraws from Pain
Patient pulls limb away from the painful stimulus.
4
Abnormal Flexion
The arm bends inward and the wrist flexes (decorticate posturing).
3
Extension
The arm extends straight out and the wrist flexes (decerebrate posturing).
2
None
No motor response.
1
Glasgow Coma Score
GCS
15
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Life Safety Institute
